====== Lab Safety ======
[[https://en.unimib.it/about-us/safety-workplace|Università di Milano-Bicocca: Safety]]

===== General Rules of Conduct =====

  * never stay alone in the laboratory ((all equipment can be remotely supervised))((Under no circumstances may students remain without supervision))
  * carefully read the instruction manuals of the instruments used
  * before leaving the laboratory, always ensure that all instruments are in safe condition ([[safety:check-list|check-list]])
  * use helmets, gloves, and protective goggles when necessary
  * record all operations performed in the appropriate logbooks
  * mark hazardous areas with the red-and-white chain or tape
  * if it is necessary to access the laboratory outside the department's opening hours, two people must be present and the Supervisor must be informed in advance
  * do not tamper with or remove safety devices
  * keep clear access to the black doors that serve as the laboratory's emergency exits (do not block corridors or doors, …)
  * keep clear access to laboratory doors
  * do not remove mezzanine railings
  * wear suitable shoes (for example closed and without heels) to prevent accidents on stairs and protect against impacts or small accidental spills of cryogenic liquids

===== Reference Persons =====

  * {{:sicurezza:sinottico_obblighi_responsabili.pdf|Supervisor (document in italian)}} for research and teaching activities: Marco Faverzani (tel. 2225)
  * In the absence of the supervisor, the most experienced person is responsible for laboratory activities: normally Elena Ferri (tel. 2354)
  * Head of Prevention and Protection Service (RSPP), University of Milano-Bicocca: Francesca Peltrera (tel. 6109) (email [servizio.prevenzione@unimib.it](mailto:servizio.prevenzione@unimib.it)]
  * Head of [[https://www.mib.infn.it/main/pages/servizi/prevenzione-e-protezione.php|Prevention and Protection Service (RSPP)]] (INFN Milano-Bicocca Section): Giuseppe Bestiani (tel. 2330)
  * Qualified Expert, Department of Physics: Stefano Giunti (external); for issues related to radioprotection, contact Marco Faverzani
  * Cryogenic liquids manager: Roberto Gaigher (tel. 2312)
  * Personnel authorized to use lifting equipment: Giancarlo Ceruti, Angelo Nucciotti

===== Emergencies =====

  * [color=red]accident/injury[/color]: reception (2099) and 112
  * [color=red]large fire[/color]: reception (2099) and 112 (make sure the fire alarm has been triggered)
  * ALWAYS FOR ANY EMERGENCY: reception (2099)
  * [[[https://www.unimib.it/ateneo/sicurezza-ateneo/caso-emergenza|University](https://www.unimib.it/ateneo/sicurezza-ateneo/caso-emergenza|University) Emergency Page]]
  * [[https://en.unimib.it/about-us/health-and-safety/emergency-procedures|University Emergency Page]]
  * {{ :sicurezza:mod108_infoemergenze.pdf |Practical Guide in Case of Emergency (document in italian)}}
  * For maintenance requests contact Marco Faverzani or Elena Ferri
  * {{ :sicurezza:pop_8.2_03_pianoemergenza_ed_evacuazione_20190118.pdf |University Emergency and Evacuation Plan (document in italian)}}
  * {{:sicurezza:addetti2014del04072014.xlsx|List of emergency and first-aid personnel TO BE UPDATED}}
  * {{:sicurezza:procedure_di_emregenza_edificio_u2.pdf|U2 Building Emergency Procedures for External Operators (document in italian)}}
  * {{:sicurezza:u2piano_-3.pdf|Evacuation Plan -3}}

===== In Case of Oxygen Deficiency Alarm =====

  * leave the laboratory immediately
  * immediately report the alarm to the supervisor
  * do not disable the alarm
  * in any case, do not re-enter the laboratory until the external display shows that oxygen levels have returned to normal (>20%) and until the visual alarm outside the lab has been turned off
  * do not tamper with safety systems:
    * do not bypass the solenoid valve that intercepts the gaseous nitrogen line
    * do not damage oxygen sensor capsules by exposing them to solvent vapors or gas flows
  * immediately report any anomalies in the oxygen sensors to the supervisor

===== In Case of Blackout =====

  * in case of blackout, the [[http://172.17.47.144/|UPS]] (Uninterruptible Power Supply) system, thanks to its battery backup, will ensure the operation of cryostats, oxygen sensors, certain lights, and other equipment connected to panels with a red label until the batteries are depleted (actual duration depends on total load)
  * computers connected to the UPS will automatically shut down after a few minutes
  * in case of blackout, the air conditioning and ventilation system (([[http://artico.mib.infn.it/cgi-bin/utareport_html|Status of the Air Treatment Unit, UTA (accessible only from the mib.infn.it domain)]])) stops immediately
  * once UPS backup ends, the oxygen monitoring system will no longer be active
  * in case of a prolonged blackout, if necessary, use the UPS time to safely secure cryogenic systems and leave the laboratory; otherwise, leave immediately
  * in any case, once UPS backup ends, leave the laboratory immediately

===== Regulations =====

  * Workplace Safety ((students, undergraduates, PhD students, and research fellows are considered full workers))

    - {{ :sicurezza:d.lgs._626-94.pdf |Legislative Decree 626 of 1994 (document in italian)}}
    - {{ :sicurezza:d.m.363del1998.pdf |Ministerial Decree 363 of 1998 (document in italian)}}
    - {{ :sicurezza:regolamento.pdf |Regulation for Implementation of DM 363/1998 in Bicocca (document in italian)}}
    - {{ :sicurezza:d_lgs_230-95.pdf |Legislative Decree 230 of 1995 (document in italian)}}
    - {{ :sicurezza:dlgs81.pdf |Legislative Decree 81 of 2008 (Workplace Safety) (document in italian)}}
    - {{ :sicurezza:20200812_201_so_029.pdf |Legislative Decree 101 of 2020 (Radiation Protection) (document in italian)}}

===== Cryogenic Liquids =====

  * Liquids used in the laboratory
    * Liquid helium (T=4K)
    * Liquid nitrogen (T=77K)
  * risk of cold burn
    * always use cryogenic gloves
    * wear protective goggles
    * do not touch cold parts with bare hands (especially metals)
  * risk of asphyxiation ((the volume change from liquid to gas is about 700 times: 1 liter becomes 0.7 m³))
    * pay attention to oxygen sensors: in case of alarm, leave the laboratory immediately and report the risk
    * keep liquid helium containers connected to the copper recovery line
  * risk of explosion ((the volume change from liquid to gas is about 700 times: 1 liter becomes 0.7 m³))
    * check the opening of safety valves
    * check the closure of vent valves
    * always check pressure difference before opening a valve
  * keep all containers vertical
  * do not use dewars to pour liquid
  * always close containers with proper lids
  * beware of ice plugs formation (possible high pressure)
  * in doubt, call the responsible person
  * {{ :sicurezza:safety_weisand.pdf |Safety chapter extracted from "Handbook of Cryogenic Engineering", J. Weisand}}
  * {{ :sicurezza:inventario_liquidi_criogenici_lab-3.xls |Inventory of cryogenic liquids and evaluation of evaporation impact}}
  * {{ :sicurezza:azoto_refrigerato_2004.pdf |Liquid Nitrogen Safety Data Sheet (document in italian)}}
  * {{ :sicurezza:elio_liquido.pdf |Liquid Helium Safety Data Sheet (document in italian)}}

===== Pressurized Gases =====

  * gases distributed in the laboratory: compressed air, nitrogen, and helium
  * high pressures may also occur in dilution refrigerator circuits
  * always close both valves at the take-off points
  * before opening valves, set the regulators to minimum
  * keep regulators below 500 mbar
  * use suitable hoses for gas withdrawal and always check their condition before use
  * do not tamper with safety valves
  * always check pressure difference before opening a valve

===== Radioactive Sources =====

  * Students are not authorized to handle radioactive sources
  * Do not touch with bare hands
  * Do not touch the active part
  * Keep at a safe distance from body and hands
  * Protect eyes
  * Limit exposure time
  * Handle with tongs
  * Always clearly label sources (indicating type and activity)
  * Store unused sources behind lead shielding
  * Study documentation before use
  * Sources used in the laboratory:
    - {{ :sicurezza:co60-handbookrad.pdf |60Co}}
    - {{ :sicurezza:handbookrad-fe55.pdf |55Fe}}
    - {{ :sicurezza:handbookrad-na22.pdf |22Na}}
    - {{ :sicurezza:handbookrad-cd109.pdf |109Cd}}
    - {{ :sicurezza:handbookrad-co57.pdf |57Co}}
    - {{ :sicurezza:handbookrad-am241.pdf |241Am}}

===== Lifting Equipment =====

  * overhead crane, electric hoist, forklift, and pallet truck may only be used with support from authorized personnel
  * when working with suspended loads, wear protective helmets

===== Electrical System =====

  * it is strictly forbidden to tamper with electrical systems
  * access to electrical panels is allowed only for maintenance staff
  * it is strictly forbidden to tamper with electrical connections of instrumentation
  * do not leave computers or control panels open
  * electrical connections of equipment must only be made by electricians
  * do not overload power strips; always check the maximum rating
  * do not connect multiple power strips in series
  * do not leave power strips on the floor, especially near areas where cryogenic liquids are used

===== Procedures =====

  * [color=red]New Safety Procedures for UNIMIB Research Laboratories (10/02/2023)[/color] [[https://www.unimib.it/ateneo/sicurezza-ateneo/modulistica-e-procedure|Forms and procedures (website in italian)]]
  * General operating procedures provided by the Prevention and Protection Service
    * {{:sicurezza:poplab001en-it.pdf|poplab001en-it.pdf}}
    * {{:sicurezza:poplab002aspec.pdf|poplab002aspec.pdf (document in italian)}}
    * {{:sicurezza:poplab005.pdf|}}
    * {{:sicurezza:poplab012_utilizzo_gas.pdf|poplab012_utilizzo_gas.pdf (document in italian)}}
  * Complete documentation {{:sicurezza:procedure_applicabili_lab_criostati.zip|}}{{:sicurezza:moduli.zip|}}
  * [[safety:procedures|here]] you can find specific procedures for all operations involving various risks
  * Each laboratory user must review
    * all general Operating Procedures listed above
    * the specific rules, instructions, and procedures for the Cryostats laboratory available on this page or through links
  * Each laboratory user must sign {{:sicurezza:mod052_ricevuta_di_consegna_materiale_informativo_per_sicurezza_e_salute_.pdf|Form 052}} (Acknowledgment of receipt of safety and health information)
  * Each laboratory user must print and sign this page

===== Bibliography (must read!) =====

  * {{:sicurezza:safety_matters_usc0001.pdf|"Safety Matters", Oxford Instruments}}
  * {{:sicurezza:practical_cryogenics.pdf|"Practical Cryogenics", Oxford Instruments}}

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The undersigned .........................................................................

declares to have **read and understood** the information contained in this page, in the attached documents, and in the linked pages.

Date ..............................................

Signature .............................................